Civil Liberties Freedom Of Speech - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 5 Words: 1480 Downloads: 10 Date added: 2019/05/17 Category Law Essay Level High school Tags: Freedom of Speech Essay Did you like this example? Civil liberties were created to protect the people from government power. They are liberties that every US citizen has a fundamental right too. The 27 amendments in the Constitution describe what these liberties are, and over the years the Supreme Court has clarified what these liberties really mean. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Civil Liberties: Freedom Of Speech" essay for you Create order As stated in the First Amendment of the Constitution, Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion, or prohibiting the free exercise thereof; or abridging the freedom of speech, or of the press; or the right of the people peaceably to assemble, and to petition the government for a redress of grievances. (US Const. Amend. I). Freedom of Speech is one of the most important civil liberties in the US constitution. It has taken many court cases including, Tinker v. Des Moines, Texas v. Johnson, and Bethel School District v. Fraser, to clearly clarify what it means. The right to freedom of speech is a fundamental part of the Constitution because it lets US citizens express their ideas and opinions without interference from government or fear of reprimand. Freedom of speech is a vital liberty that every US citizen has the right to, and it has taken many years for this country to define what it is. The First amendment of the constitution protects this liberty as stated, Congress shall make no lawabridging the freedom of speech (US Const. Amend. I). This fundamental right allows people to freely express their opinions and views, no matter how controversial they may be, and, as a result, it promotes a wiser and more informed community. Although everyone has the right to this liberty, there are some restrictions to this freedom, that over the years congress has created, in order to prevent the harm of others (i.e. how it is illegal to shout fire in a crowded theater).There have been numerous court cases involving people who feel their right to freedom of speech has been violated, i.e. Tinker v Des Moines. These cases are important because they have helped Congress to clearly define the general statement of freedom of speech, and g ive it a more specific meaning. One of the most significant cases for freedom of speech is Tinker v. Des Moines because it defined what students constitutional rights are in school. This case is about John, Christopher, and Mary Beth Tinker, who wore black armbands to their school in Des Moines, Iowa, to peacefully protests the United States involvement in the Vietnam War. The Tinkers were suspended after being asked to take the armbands off and refusing because the Des Moines school district banned the wearing of the armbands. The parents of the children decided to sue the school in the district court, claiming their suspension violated their first amendment right to freedom of speech.The district court sided with the school, saying that the rule was needed to prevent the disturbance of school activities(Tinker v. Des Moines.). The parents kept appealing the case until it reached the Supreme Court. The Supreme Court ruled on February 24, 1969, in a vote 7-2, that in public schools, students have their constitutional right of freedom of speech, and unless the speech is evidently causing a substantial disturbance in students learning, it is protected under the constitution. This case was significant in protecting students rights to freely express their opinions in school, peacefully. Tinker v Des Moines forever changed how school districts dealt with protests, and other forms of speech students express. The case gave students, throughout the US, more protection to express their political opinions in school. Another important case is Texas v. Johnson, which showed that even the expression of the most unpopular and controversial opinions and views are protected under the constitution. In Dallas, Texas, during the Republican National Convention, protestors were protesting the policies of the Reagan Administration and they were protesting other corporations in Dallas. During this protest, when the protestors marched to the City Hall, Gregory Lee Johnson set the American Flag on fire. Johnson was charged with the crime of vandalizing venerated objects, which was illegal in the state of Texas. He was sentenced to one year in prison, and he received a $2,000 fine. He appealed his case until it reached the Texas Court of Criminal Appeals, they said the state cant convict Johnson because what he did was symbolic speech, which is protected under the First Amendment. His actions didnt harm anyone or disturb the peace. The state petitioned for a writ of certiorari, aka they asked the Supreme Court to review the case, and the Supreme Court decision, on June 21, 1989, was 5-4 for Johnson. The court said that his actions were protected by the First Amendment because it is symbolic speech. Justice William Brennan said If there is a bedrock principle underlying the First Amendment, it is that the government may not prohibit the expression of an idea simply because society finds the idea itself offensive or disagreeable. . . .(Brennan). This case is significant in enforcing the protection of controversial speech under the constitution. Bethel School District v. Fraser is another major case in distinguishing what types of speech are protected under the constitution for children in public school. This case involves Matthew Fraser, who was giving a speech at a school assembly, nominating one of his friends for an elective office in the student government. In his speech he used sexual references to advocate his friend. Fraser was suspended from school for violating the school policy that prohibits the use of obscene language (Decker). Frasers dad filed a suit claiming that his punishment violated Frasers First Amendment rights. The case went through the district court and the Ninth Circuit Court of Appeals, than it was appealed to the supreme court. The supreme court decided on July 7, 1986, with a 7-2 decision, that the school is allowed to regulate vulgar speech. They said his speech did cause a disruption in the learning process. The court said that even though the expression of unpopular views are allowed to be expressed in school, schools can regulate offensive and lewd speech, which is what they say Frasers speech was. Chief Justice Burger stated that the school isnt violating the First Amendment rights of Fraser because his speech doesnt align with the fundamental values of public school education(Burger). This case is important in further clarifying what type of speech children in public school are and are not allowed to express. It shows that children in school do not have as much freedom of speech as adu lts because of these fundamental values of public school education(Burger), which doesnt include the use of vulgar language that disturbs the education process and potentially damages the younger students. The US is the the land of the free, which goes to show why freedom of speech is so significant in our country. It is written in our constitution, Congress shall make no lawabridging the freedom of speech (US Const. Amend. I) and is the central issue of thousands of court cases through US history and today. This right is so important to have for all of the cases where people have been abridged of their right, but than those 10 words in the constitution save them from any punishment they could have wrongfully received. Texas v. Johnson and Tinker v. Des Moines are both prime examples to this. They were both initially accused of a crime for controversial opinions but their constitutional right saved them from any punishment they could have received, and that same situation has occurred for many people. Freedom of speech allows for the minority to express there unpopular opinions without punishment. All these court cases always comes to the question of, does this violate the first amendment right of freedom of speech? But what if that first amendment right wasnt there? If freedom of speech wasnt a fundamental right in the US, this country would be immensely different. First of all, people like the Tinkers and Johnson, could get punished for sharing their unpopular opinions about political topics because they wouldnt have the constitutional right to do so. Also, without this right, news channels and papers wouldnt be sharing information with the country as easily about, worldly news, political event, new laws, etc. because they wouldnt have the freedom to do so. All of this this leads to censorship and a more repressive government. As Justice Louis Brandeis stated, Those who won our independence believed that freedom to think as you will and to speak as you think are means indispensable to the discovery and spread of political truth (Brandeis). Thanks to our constitution, we live in a country, where people can express their opinions and thoughts, as long as its peaceful, freely and without punishment. The constitution gives us grounds to challenge anyone who tries to suppress our speech through authority, as evident through the court cases I discussed.

Ethical Issues and Dilemmas Faced by Coca-Cola - 1461 Words

The Coca-Cola Company struggles with ethical crises Delineate the ethical issues and dilemmas the company faced The Coca-Cola Company has faced many ethical issues in the past. In the year 1999 in the month of June, about 30 children in Belgium became ill following the consumption of the companys products. The company recalled the product, however, the problem continued to escalate. All Coca-Cola products were recalled by the Belgian government and this was soon followed by the officials in Luxembourg and Netherlands. The contamination was traced to a poorly processed batch of carbon dioxide. The situation was ruled out to be a health hazard and was judged to be minor. In Poland, a shipment of Bonaqua, a water product was found to be contaminated with mold and in France, 100 people became sick and this led to banning of all Coca-Cola products. The company was slow to respond in all these scenarios. The company tried to run a marketing campaign to regain confidence in their customers and improve sales. However, the campaign was halted by the Belgian government. In 1999, Coca-Cola was extremely aggressive in the French market. This led to denial of approval of Coca-Colas bid to buy Orangina and the company was also forced to scale back on its acquisition of Cadbury Schweppes. Italy won a lawsuit against Coca-Colas anticompetitive prices which made the company have to set competitive prices. This was another ethical issue. The company was sued in 1999 for racialShow MoreRelatedThe Coca-Coca Company Struggles with Ethical Crises Essay1335 Words   |  6 Pages: â€Å"The Coca-Coca Company Struggles with Ethical Crises† HRM 522-Ethics and Advocacy for HR Professionals Abstract Since the late nineteenth century Coca-Cola has been a successful company. Coco-Cola went to war with its competitor PepsiCo throughout the 1990s as Coca-Cola expanded its market overseas. 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Some businesses are struggling to balance corporate and social aims due to the growing societal attention in CSR. This essay will compare and contrast arguments in favour of and against CSR from the perspective of firms. Majority of

History of Roman Sculpture Essay Example For Students

History of Roman Sculpture Essay The section of roman sculptures I ran into at the St. Louis Art Museum all had great detail work on most made of marble were all very interesting but the â€Å"Bust of an Unknown Man† was my favorite by far. This selection included a portrait of a Woman on wood from 2nd century to a â€Å"Running Artemis† with her â€Å"wet-drapery† like discussed in class. Many of the works have no artist attached to the info and no credit to the model of the piece of art. The â€Å"Bust of an Unknown Man† along with the â€Å"Head of a Man† have great detail work in the curls on the hair of the sculptures. The marble sculptures from the Greek and Roman periods are very similar but both bring their own styles to the features of the very human like faces and the skin glows almost. At first I couldn’t decide on a topic for my St. Louis Art Museum (SLAM) Paper but after coming across the Roman and Greek sculptures I began to think of all the works we studied in class and how art was inspired and created in all different types of ways. Romans believed in the Gods and crafted their art in the likeness of great figures and modeled everyday humans in their image. Great detail was held in the marble works I discovered in this area of Roman and Greek art. The one that grabbed me the most was the â€Å"Bust of Unknown Man†. Its detail and life-like glow gives this piece such great stature. The Romans and Greeks have such a similar style at times in history but the hair on â€Å"Bust of Unknown Man† gives depth creating shadows, highlights, and lowlights in the sculpture. The bread has a more stylistic feature curling as of cotton or wool. â€Å"Bust of Unknown Man† has locks of curls that seem to been painted at a time in history. The marble around the end of the arms has a rusting and deteriorating. The bust sits on a small anvil type base. This column is miniature in comparison to the bust but has its own stylistic nature. Underneath the column is a round discus shaped platform that stabilizes the whole piece itself. The bust of an unknown man still is the most eye-grabbing of all Roman and Greek artwork. The sculptures all have an intriguing factor of light and shadows and they all have great high relief work with the three dimensional nature of marble sculptures. The bust of unknown man doesn’t have a whole lot of information only the facts of its culture and medium. The artist is unknown, the model is unknown, even a direct time frame and place of origin is unknown. The fact that it is marble and of roman descent is the only hard facts known. The marble gives the piece its glow and shine with the texture and peaks and valleys giving contrast from the lights reflecting off it. Bibliography: Facts and Details (http://factsanddetails.com/world/cat56/sub369/item2063.html) Grossman, Janet Burnett.  Looking at Greek and Roman Sculpture in Stone: A Guide to Terms, Styles and Techniques. Los Angeles: J. Paul Getty Museum, 2003. Print. The Metropolitan Museum of Art (http://www.metmuseum.org/toah/hd/ropo/hd_ropo.htm) Palagia, Olga.  Greek Sculpture: Function, Materials, and Techniques in the Archaic and Classical Periods. New York, NY: Cambridge UP, 2006. Print. St. Louis Art Museum Website (http://www.slam.org/emuseum/code/emuseum.asp?style=Browse trecord=1page=searchprofile=objectssearchdesc=299:1923quicksearch=299:1923newvalues=1newstyle=singlenewcurrentrecord=1)

The Fire and EMS Training

Introduction There are various ways in which technology can affect the Fire and EMS training in the next ten years. There will be need for more training facilities for training of students who would like to become fire and EMS graduates.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on The Fire and EMS Training specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More This will be done to meet the stringent national standards for Fire and EMS education going into effect in ten years to come. The training will require experienced fire and EMS experts who have knowledge on the advanced use of the Internet tools. This will be used in training the graduates in order to fit in the new and advanced technologies (Thomas, pg. 9). Again, advanced equipment for training will be required, and this will raise the cost of training. Technology in fire administration Agencies leverage technology to deliver training by providing opportunities for the EMS graduates to ga in experience. First, for agencies to deliver training, they should leverage training by tracking hazards, management of disasters, and emergency cases found. Secondly, there is the identification of hazards, knowing the needs of the population agency, obtaining information on building assessment, and assessing the interface of wild land and urban centers. Thirdly, the agencies should be involved in handling of administrative issues like research, supervision and relations of labor, and management in terms fire and EMS. This will assist the agencies to survey long term ability so as to be able to support change efforts. In addition, the agencies should preplan and conduct inspections that relate to fire. They should have location trackers to facilitate their operations (Thomas, pg. 5).Advertising Looking for essay on public administration? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Again, the agencies can leverage technology through tota l evaluation of courses for the training; keeping records of all training sessions, making use of computer based learning facilities and good management of the training programs used in training. Also, leveraging of technology can be achieved through implementation and use of emergency communication systems, coming up with stations locations and analysis of post incident, meshing of network and analysis of deployment with fire and EMS training departments. Finally, for the agencies to achieve the leveraging of technology in order to deliver training there should be good management of funds within the training departments, tracking of inventory assets and conducing of meetings which enhance the training provision and improvement of training courses(Thomas, pg. 8). Research should also be conducted on intra and interoperability, and analyzing of the records of participation in the training of fire and EMS training. Conclusion The future of EMS is based on the availability of sufficien t and competent agencies as well as advanced training equipment and facilities. Besides the science of what the experts in fire and EMS training do, the curriculum for the overall training will require more time in the future than the usual time. Interoperability will have been improved as a means of improving the overall training. This will ease the communication of fire and EMS agencies and agencies in the surrounding jurisdictions. With this in place, the agencies will be confident to deal with interoperability situations like use of radio languages for easy communication. Agencies will be able to make use of plain English rather than a system of codes for easy communication with other organizations. The fire and EMS will have an EMS process management to cater for all stake holders.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on The Fire and EMS Training specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More It will also have information and an alysis department which deals with analysis of the EMS results. Again it will have a human resource and development department, as well as strategic planning to ensure efficiency. Works Cited Thomas, John. Determining the fire/EMS training needs in a combined dispatch center. n.d. Web. https://www.usfa.fema.gov/ This essay on The Fire and EMS Training was written and submitted by user Daisy Yates to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.